A Windows blue screen (BSOD) means the system hit a critical error and stopped to protect itself. The stop code on the screen is your biggest clue to the cause.
Common Causes- Faulty or failing RAM — run Windows Memory Diagnostic.
- Bad or outdated drivers — especially after a recent update.
- Failing storage drive — corruption triggers crashes.
- Overheating or a failing power supply.
- Note the stop code (e.g. MEMORY_MANAGEMENT, PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA) and search it.
- Update or roll back recent drivers; uninstall recent updates if it started then.
- Run sfc /scannow and chkdsk /f to check system files and the disk.
- Test the RAM and check temperatures.
Frequent BSODs usually point to failing RAM or storage — a diagnostic pinpoints which, and both are affordable to replace. If the laptop won't boot far enough to run these tools, a technician can test the hardware directly and recover your data if the drive is failing.
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